Evaluation of salusin α and salusin β levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and determination of the impact of severity of hyperglycemia on salusin levels

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the usefulness of salusin-α and salusin-β as biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to determine whether diabetes severity and obesity have an effect on the salusin levels in diabetic patients. Methods: The study included a total of 90 patients, comprising 55 diagnosed with T2DM and 35 healthy volunteers with similar demographic characteristics. Salusins were assayed by a commercially available ELISA kit. Results: The salusin-β levels were found to be significantly higher in T2DM group compared to control group, while the salusin-α levels were lower (p < 0.05, for both). Furthermore, in patient group, Spearman analysis showed a statistically significant negative correlation between salusin-α and fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), whereas salusin-β had a statistically significant positive correlation with fasting glucose and HbA1c (p [removed] 9% had significantly lower salusin-α and higher salusin-β levels levels compared to those with HbA1c < 9% (p [removed] 0.05). Conclusion: We demonstrated that the serum salusin-α level was decreased whereas the salusin-β level was increased in patients with T2DM compared to healthy subjects, and this was more pronounced as T2DM-deteriorated. We also showed that obesity had no effect on salusin levels among diabetics. This study may provide a basis for the availability of salusin-targeted therapies, especially in uncontrolled T2DM.