Optical solitons with the birefringent fibers without four-wave mixing via the lakshmanan–porsezian–daniel equation

Abstract

This article investigates the optical soliton to Lakshmanan–Porsezian–Daniel (LPD) model in birefringent fibers which incorporates two vector solitons. The optical solitons in the forms of bright, dark, singular, as well as combined form bright-dark, dark-singular, complex soliton and multiple soliton solutions are extracted successfully by the mechanism of Fan-extended sub equation approach with the effect of five free parameters. Furthermore, singular periodic wave solutions are obtained, as well as the constraint requirements for the existence of soliton solutions. The results suggest that the method is simple, direct, and effective, and that it may be applied to more complex phenomena with the help of symbolic calculations.