Hyperlipidaemia prevalence and cholesterol control inobstructive sleep apnoea: Data from the European sleepapnea database (ESADA)

Abstract

Abstract.Gunduz C, Basoglu OK, Hedner J, et al; onbehalf of the European Sleep Apnoea Databasecollaborators (Biruni University; Ege University;Gothenburg University; Sahlgrenska UniversityHospital; University of Palermo; CNR Institute ofBiomedicine and Molecular Immunology; St. AdolfStift; Hospital de Santa Maria; University of Crete;Antoine-Beclere Hospital; G. PapanikolaouHospital; Institute of Tuberculosis and LungDiseases; University Hospital Brno; St. Ann’sUniversity Hospital; Universite ́ Grenoble Alpes)Hyperlipidaemia prevalence and cholesterolcontrol in obstructive sleep apnoea: Data from theEuropean sleep apnea database (ESADA).J InternMed2019;286: 676–688.Background and objective.Obstructive sleep apnoea(OSA) and hyperlipidaemia are independent riskfactors for cardiovascular disease. This studyinvestigates the association between OSA andprevalence of hyperlipidaemia in patients of theEuropean Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA) cohort.Methods.The cross-sectional analysis included11 892 patients (age 51.9 12.5 years, 70% male,body mass index (BMI) 31.3 6.6 kg/m2, meanoxygen desaturation index (ODI) 23.7 25.5events/h) investigated for OSA. The independentodds ratio (OR) for hyperlipidaemia in relation tomeasures of OSA (ODI, apnoea-hypopnoea index,mean and lowest oxygen saturation) was deter-mined by means of general linear model analysiswith adjustment for important confounders suchas age, BMI, comorbidities and study site.Results.Hyperlipidaemia prevalence increased from15.1% in subjects without OSA to 26.1% in thosewith severe OSA,P<0.001. Corresponding num-bersinpatientswithdiabeteswere8.5%and41.5%,P<0.001.ComparedwithODIquartileI,patientsinODI quartiles II-IV had an adjusted OR (95% CI) of1.33 (1.15–1.55), 1.37 (1.17–1.61) and 1.33 (1.12–1.58) (P<0.001), respectively, for hyperlipidaemia.Obesity was defined as a significant risk factor forhyperlipidaemia. Subgroups of OSA patients withcardio-metabolic comorbidities demonstratedhigher prevalence of HL. In addition, differences inhyperlipidaemia prevalence were reported in Euro-pean geographical regions with the highest preva-lence in Central Europe.Conclusion.Obstructive sleep apnoea, in particularintermittent hypoxia, was independently associ-ated with the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia diag-nosis.